Essay --

STATEMENT OF PURPOSEThe idea that the world is a global colony did not strike me as true until my fifteenth birthday. My father gifted me a computer, and suddenly, the internet opened up a mine of information for a young boy who had been restricted to much localized until then. The computer and internet soon became indispensible for my school assignments, and my own idiosyncratic researches.When it came to selecting an area of Engineering for my undergraduate studies, the select was clear computer science. In my undergraduate studies, I benefited from the breadth of Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Science (a pioneer college affiliated to Kakatiya University in India). The curriculum at KITS unresolved me to the entire gamut of computer science courses thus laying a strong foundation for the fundamentals. During the first two years, I was fascinated by programming subjects such(prenominal) as C, OOPC and Data Structures. During my third year I also learned Java and Theory of Computation. During the quaternionth year, I was fascinated by subjects such as computer networks, network security and encryption algorithms like the International Data Encryption Algorithm. I also became involved with various extra-curricular activities such as organizing farm animal bank donations and playing Lawn-Tennis. This resulted in a slight dip in my grades, but I soon acquired the art of balancing the curricular with the extra-curricular, and graduated with 71.5% in distinction with first class. My main areas of interest are Computer Networks, Software Programming and Database Management Systems.As a part of my curriculum, we with a team of four members successfully completed a main project Retrieval of Best Fit Component using Genetic Algorithm frond end and... ...d new slipway of doing things. The international education will give me the training and the calibre to meet the global clients. I look forward to being an active member of the learner community at you r University. Therefore, I truly feel that the most natural way to justify my passion is to persue a Masters Degree in Computer Science. I would regard my admission in PSU not only a grand honour but also as a great responsibility and an obligation to work hard.In conclusion, I would like to add that the essence of University education lies in the synergetic relationship between the student and his department. I feel that post graduate study at your University will be the most logical extension of my academic pursuits and a major step towards achieving my objectives. I would be grateful to you if Im accorded the opportunity to pursue my masters at your institution.

AIDS - Women Die Sooner than Men :: Science Health Diseases Essays

aid - Women Die Sooner than MenGiven the vary types of gender-specific opportunistic diseases associated with AIDS such as cervical cancer, in that location is reason to believe that the biological progression of HIV/AIDS is different in women and men. Still, there is no conclusive evidence in support of the hypothesis that the progression of HIV/AIDS is more accelerated in women than it is in men. Regardless, the fact that women septic with HIV/AIDS become sicker faster and die sooner than men can be entirely attributable to social factors that do not figure on the scientific details of the HIV virus. Two social factors primarily responsible for the rapid demise of HIV-positive women in the United States are the mis- and under-representation of women in the interior(a) AIDS discourse and the disproportionate number of woman living in poverty.From the moment AIDS first appeared in the United States as Gay-Related Immuno Deficiency, women (among others) were leftover out the na tional AIDS dialogue. Even though the first case of HIV/AIDS infection in an Afro-American woman was reported in 1982 (Goldstein 114), the general public believed for the most part of the 1980s that women would remain unaffected by the epidemic. Since then, women have been slowly incorporated into the national AIDS debate, albeit in a very limited and qualified manner. In her essay, Seeing AIDS Race, Gender, and Representation, Evelynn Hammonds recognizes an array of contemporary AIDS narratives depicting different female stereotypes, but contends that the majority of African-American women are not identifying with these narratives. In a study on commercial street sex workers, Kim Blankenship shows how such non-identification with an at-risk commonwealth can lead to a bastard sense of security while engaging in risky behaviors and can ultimately lead to a late diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. This is particularly knobbed for African-Americans, who will account for 64% of new infections am ong women in the year 2002 according to the Center for Disease Control but do not see themselves as being affected by the epidemic. Consequently, African-Americans women will be diagnosed later in the progression of HIV/AIDS than men, the vast majority of whom identify themselves either with the at-risk population of men who have sex with men or with that of intravenous drug users (IDU). These women will therefore become sicker faster and die sooner.Another mis-representation of women in the AIDS epidemic that contributes to the speedy progression of HIV/AIDS in females is the characterization of women as vectors of transmission.

Internet Essay: Internet Censorship -- Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Internet Censorship   When I was in elementary school, I thought girls could give me some dreadful disease. I stayed away from girls because they gave me cooties. After school, I would go fishing at a nearby stream, ride my skate board, or study only if mandated by my parents. The closest I came to technology was ceremony the Little Rascals on TV. Today, computers and the Internet offers a cyberspace playground for kids. Kids stay up past their bed time playing with their computer or surfriding the Internet.   The Internet provides entertainment and education for millions of spate worldwide. The Internet will have the most dramatic effect on mankind since the industrial revolution. Through the Internet, people can send electronic mail, exchange files, and publish through the world-wide web (WWW), materials that traditionally appeared in journals, magazines, posters, books, television, and film. Information can be searched globally and retrieved in a matter of seconds by t he use of Internet search engines.   Every technological advancement of mankind ...

Entrepreneur Observation Report Essay -- essays research papers

This report outlines a very small business of my brothers.It describes his business, tar chance market, financial plans, andmarketing plans. I shoot tried to keep a neutral opinionabout his opinions as much as possible. I behave tried to keepmy inputs and thoughts in the conclusion only.The whole idea of my brother, insert name here, owning abusiness started in early March of 1998 when one of theneighbors jokingly suggested he should raise chickens and apportion them to people. A few days later he realized it could beeasily done, and with a profit. From mid-March toSeptember, he and I raised, and easily sold 600+ chickens,we only wished we could have raised more. When Marchof 1999 rolled around we were contemplating how manychickens to buy, when the person we bought the chickensfrom told us about the possibilities of rabbits. Becauserabbits are a yearlong date, and we knew I would beleaving in the fall, it became his decision and ultimately his figure. He started out with 20 baby doe (females), 3 babybucks (males), and a small-borrowed hutch (cage) with all23 rabbits jammed in tight. His investment in rabbits,although considerable, was still to be outdone by the onesin hutches and feed. He essentially spent all profits fromchickens the year before and then some. His project nowconsists of 20 mature doe, 3 mature bucks, andapproximately 60 babies. He has taken over a section of alarge bacillus and turned it into a 30+ hutch rabbitry systemwith a circulating automatic watering system., and recentlyacquired a large weaning cage. I asked him how he felt when he was take hold ofting started and he express he didnt like spending all that money but he knew hewould get it all back someday. I then asked him if he wasafraid of competition, or of there not being a big enoughmarket. He utter he knew of nobody else alloting rabbit meatin the area on any scale, and that because rabbit meat ispractically thee healthiest meat, he couldnt tell anyproblems in the marke t. He then said that if personal exchangefails he can sell them through his "chicken provider" on aper pound basis.One thing I have always known about my brother and hisrabbit business is that he is very confident in its success andthat even though he knows there will be small problems heis very sure of overall success.When I asked him who he imbibes as his typical customer hesaid that... ...rerabbits to have babies within a couple days and must checkthem constantly to make sure both think is ok. He playsthe role of technician when he builds cages, and maintainscleanliness. I dont think this business could ever become a franchisealthough it could become a very large company withthousands of rabbits, and several employees. If it were tobecome a franchise I think it would best be managed by thefranchisees. I think this would sink any hierarchy orbureaucracy involved in most franchises. Of course therewould be a main office to coordinate advertize and tooffer help to fran chisees with questions or problems.I dont have too many suggestions except to attempt all ofthe plans he has thought of. I also think that he needs tomake a profit before he starts expanding any more. Oncehe gets into the cycle of raising and selling the rabbits hecan then begin to expand, but not before then. This is really a business that has a lot of potential, and had alot of things issue for it. It is proof to me that the onlysuccessful entrepreneur is the guy that gets the idea anddoes it, not the guy that just thinks it would be a good ideafor someone else to do. entrepreneur Observation Report Essay -- essays research papers This report outlines a very small business of my brothers.It describes his business, target market, financial plans, andmarketing plans. I have tried to keep a neutral opinionabout his opinions as much as possible. I have tried to keepmy inputs and thoughts in the conclusion only.The whole idea of my brother, insert name here, owning abu siness started in early March of 1998 when one of theneighbors jokingly suggested he should raise chickens andsell them to people. A few days later he realized it could beeasily done, and with a profit. From mid-March toSeptember, he and I raised, and easily sold 600+ chickens,we only wished we could have raised more. When Marchof 1999 rolled around we were contemplating how manychickens to buy, when the person we bought the chickensfrom told us about the possibilities of rabbits. Becauserabbits are a yearlong project, and we knew I would beleaving in the fall, it became his decision and ultimately hisproject. He started out with 20 baby doe (females), 3 babybucks (males), and a small-borrowed hutch (cage) with all23 rabbits jammed in tight. His investment in rabbits,although considerable, was still to be outdone by the onesin hutches and feed. He essentially spent all profits fromchickens the year before and then some. His project nowconsists of 20 mature doe, 3 mature bucks, andap proximately 60 babies. He has taken over a section of alarge type B and turned it into a 30+ hutch rabbitry systemwith a circulating automatic watering system., and recentlyacquired a large weaning cage. I asked him how he felt when he was getting started and hesaid he didnt like spending all that money but he knew hewould get it all back someday. I then asked him if he wasafraid of competition, or of there not being a big enoughmarket. He said he knew of nobody else selling rabbit meatin the area on any scale, and that because rabbit meat ispractically thee healthiest meat, he couldnt see anyproblems in the market. He then said that if personal sellingfails he can sell them through his "chicken provider" on aper pound basis.One thing I have always known about my brother and hisrabbit business is that he is very confident in its success andthat even though he knows there will be small problems heis very sure of overall success.When I asked him who he sees as his typical cus tomer hesaid that... ...rerabbits to have babies within a couple days and must checkthem constantly to make sure all think is ok. He playsthe role of technician when he builds cages, and maintainscleanliness. I dont think this business could ever become a franchisealthough it could become a very large company withthousands of rabbits, and several employees. If it were tobecome a franchise I think it would best be managed by thefranchisees. I think this would bear away any hierarchy orbureaucracy involved in most franchises. Of course therewould be a main office to coordinate publicize and tooffer help to franchisees with questions or problems.I dont have too many suggestions except to attempt all ofthe plans he has thought of. I also think that he needs tomake a profit before he starts expanding any more. Oncehe gets into the cycle of raising and selling the rabbits hecan then begin to expand, but not before then. This is really a business that has a lot of potential, and had al ot of things passing game for it. It is proof to me that the onlysuccessful entrepreneur is the guy that gets the idea anddoes it, not the guy that just thinks it would be a good ideafor someone else to do.

Cults and Their Leaders Essay -- Psychology Cults Violence Essays Reli

Cults and Their LeadersFor many years, craze leaders always had a psychological throw away on their followers take cares. Whether it was to kill other(a) people or to kill themselves, they did it without question. Some cult leaders used fear, violence and guilt as a performer of a weapon to control the minds of their followers. Other cult leaders used persuasive and spiritual speeches that made their followers believe they were doing good and fulfilling Gods plan. Because cult leaders argon powerful through psychological offenses, the people that live to their cults are brainwashed into doing things they wouldnt normally do in their right state of mind.For years, there guard been problems surrounding the definition of the term cult. The literal and traditional centers of the word cult, which are more fully explored at the entry Cult (religion), come from the Latin cultus, meaning care or adoration, as a system of religious belief or ritual or the body of adherents to same. In French or Spanish, culte or culto simply means worship or religious attendance therefore an association cultuelle is an association whose goal is to organize religious worship and practices. The word for cult in the popular English meaning is secte (French) or secta (Spanish). In formal English use, and in non-English European terms, the cognates of the English word cult are neutral, and strike mainly to divisions within a single faith, a case where English speakers might use the word sect. Hence Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism are cults within Christianity. However, in common usage, cult has a very negative connotation, and is generally applied to a group in order to criticize it. Understandably, intimately groups, if not all, that are called cults deny this term. Some groups called cults by some critics may consider themselves not to be cults, but may consider some other groups to be cults. Although anti-cult activists and scholars did not agree on precis e criteria that new religions should meet to be considered cults, two of the definitions formulated by anti-cult activists are Cults are groups that often employ members psychologically and/or financially, typically by making members comply with leaderships demands through certain types of psychological manipulation, popularly called mind control, and through the inculcation of d... ...psychological offenses, the people that belong to their cults are brainwashed into doing things they wouldnt normally do in their right state of mind. Cult leaders used various ways of molding a followers mind and brainwashing them to do things for them. Some cult leaders used punishments as a way of breaking the followers that were resistant to their demands. Others used and perfected the art of persuasion. each way, the mind of their followers or family are in total control of the leader. Works CitedBugliosi, Vincent, with Curt Gentry. Helter Skelter The True Story of The Manson Murders. New York and London Norton, 1994.Merriam-Webster Online. 2005. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 4 whitethorn 2005 Mills, Jeannie. Six Years With God Life Inside Rev. Jim Joness Peoples Temple. New York A&W Publishers, 1979.Terry, Maury. The Ultimate Evil The Truth About Cult Murders Son Of surface-to-air missile & Beyond. New York Barnes and Noble Publishing Company, 1987.Wilson, Brian R. Apostates and New religious Movements. New York and London Routledge, 1999. Zimbardo, Philip. The Psychology of Attitude Change and Social Influence. Columbus McGraw-Hill, 1991.

Cults and Their Leaders Essay -- Psychology Cults Violence Essays Reli

frenzys and Their LeadersFor many years, furore leaders always had a psychological hold on their followers minds. Whether it was to kill other people or to kill themselves, they did it without question. Some cult leaders used fear, violence and guilt as a means of a weapon to control the minds of their followers. Other cult leaders used persuasive and spiritual speeches that made their followers believe they were doing corking and fulfilling Gods plan. Because cult leaders are powerful through psychological offenses, the people that belong to their cults are brainwashed into doing things they wouldnt normally do in their right tell apart of mind.For years, there have been problems surrounding the definition of the term cult. The literal and traditional meanings of the word cult, which are more fully explored at the entry Cult (religion), hump from the Latin cultus, meaning care or adoration, as a system of religious belief or ritual or the body of adherents to same. In French or Spanish, culte or culto simply means faith or religious attendance therefore an association cultuelle is an association whose goal is to organize religious worship and practices. The word for cult in the popular English meaning is secte (French) or secta (Spanish). In formal English use, and in non-English European terms, the cognates of the English word cult are neutral, and refer mainly to divisions within a single faith, a case where English speakers might use the word sect. Hence roman letters Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism are cults within Christianity. However, in common usage, cult has a very negative connotation, and is generally applied to a group in instal to criticize it. Understandably, most groups, if not all, that are called cults deny this term. Some groups called cults by some critics may grapple themselves not to be cults, but may consider some other groups to be cults. Although anti-cult activists and scholars did not agree on precise criteri a that new religions should meet to be considered cults, two of the definitions formulated by anti-cult activists are Cults are groups that often exploit members psychologically and/or financially, typically by making members comply with leaderships demands through certain types of psychological manipulation, popularly called mind control, and through the instilling of d... ...psychological offenses, the people that belong to their cults are brainwashed into doing things they wouldnt normally do in their right state of mind. Cult leaders used various ways of mold a followers mind and brainwashing them to do things for them. Some cult leaders used punishments as a way of breaking the followers that were resistant to their demands. Others used and amend the art of persuasion. Either way, the mind of their followers or family are in total control of the leader. Works CitedBugliosi, Vincent, with Curt Gentry. Helter Skelter The True Story of The Manson Murders. New York and capital of the United Kingdom Norton, 1994.Merriam-Webster Online. 2005. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 4 May 2005 Mills, Jeannie. Six Years With God Life Inside Rev. Jim Joness Peoples Temple. New York A&W Publishers, 1979.Terry, Maury. The Ultimate Evil The Truth About Cult Murders Son Of Sam & Beyond. New York Barnes and Noble Publishing Company, 1987.Wilson, Brian R. Apostates and New religious Movements. New York and London Routledge, 1999. Zimbardo, Philip. The Psychology of Attitude Change and Social Influence. Columbus McGraw-Hill, 1991.

Organizational Behavior Final Project

LIU MBA Students for the northward Shore Animal conference Organizational Behavior For the theme project our mathematical meeting chose option A, to design and implement a community service project. We chose to serve the North Shore Animal fusion based in Port Washington, New York. We think this is an important charity to help because the organization receives no federal funding and relies solely on donations from the public. North Shore Animal league is one of the largest no-kill shelters and they brace saved close to 1 million cats, dogs, kittens and puppies to date.After our initial meeting in class we brainstormed some thought processs on how to fundraise via e-mail. We decided to do a combination of things to raise money for the North Shore Animal League. First, to spread the word, we created a Facebook scallywag to conduct our project with our friends, family and acquaintances. The page is to a fault view qualified to friends-of-friends so it r for each onees a wide s cope of people. The page tells the viewer ab fall come forward the league and our project the page features pictures and a link to a fundraising website.The fundraising website was created through North Shore Animal League and gives viewers the luck to gift using a credit card. These donations go directly to the league and are tracked through the website. We tried talking to the campus bookstore to see if they would donate some merchandise we could then sell for the cause, but they were unable to. We decided to purchase some snacks in bulk from Costco to sell to raise money. We made the decisions to point a highly populated area with a large amount of foot traffic, in order to reach the intimately people.Therefore, we orchestrated a fundraising sidereal day in Flushing and Hunters Point where we passed out fliers, collected donations, and sold the snacks. To reach a larger scope of people, we talked with a local pet store, rigid in Northport, and they allowed us to set up a t able and solicit donations for the league from customers go in and out of the store. We thought this was a goodness reparation because we would likely be reaching savage lovers who would be sympathetic to our cause and therefore to a greater extent likely to contribute. We in addition distributed fliers while at the pet store, which include the address for our undraising website so the customers could donate to the animal league when they got home. Psychological contract is defined as individual beliefs, shaped by the organization, regarding terms of an exchange accord between individuals and their organization (Rousseau). According to the projects instructions, we cook 400 points to split amongst the four group members. Our groups psychological contract is that as long as each group member attends each meeting, participates in the fundraising activities, and completes their share of the stool equally, each group member will receive 100 of the 400 points.However, if person ca nnot fulfill their share of the work, the other group members can deduct points from this member and add them to their own grade. The psychological contract depends on the self-reliance between the group members. In our group we valued the promise to every member to share the work equally and did not violate our contract. Every member was able to express their opinion freely, if someone felt that a group members performance was lacking, they can talk openly with the other members and discuss redistributing the points.Our groups psychological contract could not be violated easily because we all wanted to share the work to ensure we got the best grade possible. Through the learning of psychological contract, we built a inexpugnable and efficient team. With an effective performance system and strong trust among our members, we reached great achievement. It is very important to come across out how you can motivate the members in a group since it will increase the productivity of the group. The four members in our group have different personalities and personal goal therefore, the methods to motivate them are totally different.There is that nonage which is challenged by opportunity and automatic to work hard to achieve something (McClelland). For our project we all needed to be part of this minority because we had such limited snip. In McClellands discussion of Motive A, he talks almost setting moderately difficult, but potencyly achievable goals t intercommunicates to make them stretch themselves a little. Our group decided early on to set a goal of raising $250, which we thought would be a good amount to strive for considering our time constraint.We order this amount to be difficult, but do-able. Something else McClelland discusses is how the nAch person is constantly spending their time thinking of how to do things better. Through trial and error we were able to figure out what worked for our group. For example, we had a not so successful day fundraisi ng in Flushing, raising only $20 in about 4 hours, and were able to use this envision to find a better way to do this next time. The expectancy theory could be used to help outline how we made decisions on how to dress in our group.To begin, you can look at the concept of performance-outcome expectancy, which states every behavior has an associated reward or punishment. For example a group member could have elect to sit back and let the other members perform, or could have chosen to make a genuine effort. The consequences are that we wont receive the best grade and wont raise the most money possible or our group will flourish with everyones involvement. The concept of valence, the idea that each outcome has a specific worth to the individual was apparent as well.Luckily, we all want the some outcome, to raise the most money possible for the animal league and to be graded fairly by our peers, so this wasnt an issue when it came to motivating our group. Lastly there is effort-perfor mance expectancy, which states that every behavior has associated with it a trustworthy probability of success. With this concept we all needed to understand that our efforts would be rewarded with donations. Once we started to receive donations we used this as motivation to get more than.Ethical dilemmas are very labyrinthine for individuals, according to textbookbook, the notion that its easy to be ethical assumes that individuals automatically know that they are facing ethical dilemma and that they should simply choose to do the castigate thing. However, the definition of doing right thing may be different for different people, depending on their culture or background. In our project, we have two ethical dilemmas. First, are we going to donate the exact total amount of money we have raised to North Shore Animal League.The first spot we were collecting donations was in Flushing, where we explained our project to pedestrians and they were usually rude, impatient and less will ing to listen to us. Because of this we decided to move to another spot, a park in Hunters Point where the people were more patient. We collected 20 dollars in this spot, which is much more than we were able to collect in Flushing. We quickly saw that people in these two spots have different characteristics the people in Hunters Point were more willing to trust us and believe that we were being ethical.The people in Hunters Point stopped and ask us about our project, and about our cause. The people in Hunters Point believed in the good side of people and were more willing to trust us and in return donate. The people who donated to us believed that every penny they were giving us was going to help the animals at North Shore Animal League, therefore, we cannot let them mess and we have a responsibility to deliver all of the money we collect. The second dilemma is whether or not we should deduct the make up of the products we sold from the donations we collected.We bought Lays and Do ritos for twenty cents per tract and bottled water for sixty cents per bottle we then sold the items for one dollar each. The person who bought the products could say that they should take back some money to compensate themselves for the cost of buying the items. In this case, it is a grey area. If the person does not request to get their money back, one could say they are a person who unfeignedly cares about the cause they are raising money for. If they did ask to get some money back, one might say they are doing this activity however for a grade.Also, if the person who purchased the goods decided they wanted to be reimbursed, they could embellish the cost and get back more than they paid. This is similar to the activity we did in the classroom where employees were compensate for meals while out on the road. As long as the amount did not exceed eighty dollars per day, they would be reimbursed for food and they did not need to tell receipts. In our case, people donated their mo ney to us based on the idea that we will forward all of the money to the North Shore Animal League Our behavior was very important, as it dictated how others made judgments about us.As mentioned in the textbook, some factors of behavior include tone of voice, body language, gestures and the words we say. People could be led to believe that we are a group of people doing good or committing fraud based on these factors. We found that certain things helped increase the train at which people trusted and believed we were doing good. Our image and the overall passion we conveyed were important factors to ensure other peoples trust us. People were more willing to trust us if we had an advertising board, Facebook website, and a donation website with the North Shore Animal League.Overall, we needed to appear as professional as possible to have the best results. People tend to doubt people they are not familiar with, especially in New York City thus, we were able to gain their trust by condu cting our project in a professional manner. The way we were asking people to make donation was also important. We needed to put our message in a way that conveyed the right meaning. It is not easy asking another person for money, people were less willing to donate if they felt they were not acquire anything in return.We decided to sell something to deal with this issue, so we could make donors feel that they are donating to a worth cause while buying something. The way that we asked them was also important, if we said, Excuse me, would you like to make a donation to support our program? people usually walked right past us. However, if we said, Excuse me, would you like to purchase a bottle of water or a bag of chips to support our program? people would generally stop and listen to what we had to say. In this assignment, the ability to communicate across language barriers was key.Our group of four consisted of a male (Alex) and female (Danielle) from New York, a male from China ( Yunjie), and a male from Taiwan (Wei). Alex and Danielle were unable to sing any Chinese, and while Wei and Yunjies grasp of the English language was exceptional there were still times when communicating proved to be difficult. However, our group was able to continually overcome these communication barriers. For example, in situations where Wei was unable to understand certain English words, Yunjie would explain it to him in Chinese, and vice versa.Also, Alex and Danielle would try and clarify any mistake language by using the simplest English possible. By using the above-mentioned techniques our group was able to consistently overcome any language barriers and communicate in effect to achieve our goals. In addition to communicating across language barriers, our group was also faced with the challenge of communicating across cultures. This difference in cultures was most evident when the group attempted to raise funds for the North Shore Animal League by selling potato chips and w ater bottles in Flushing, Queens. In the U. S. selling lemonade on the street is almost considered a right of passage for many young children. Many American children take the idea of capitalism for granted, having been instilled with the idea of a free market economy from a young age. However, capitalism is not practiced throughout the world. Consequently, Wei and Yunjie had no prior pose selling goods to customers on the street. At first, because of their inexperience, Wei and Yunjie had a difficult time selling potato chips and water to customers. They were unable to reach out to customers and convey the fact that all of the proceeds from the sale would be going to charity.However, after being instructed on various selling techniques and following the example set by their fellow team members, Wei and Yunjie began reaching out to more and more customers. They fully embraced the fundraising concept and acquired the ability to effectively connect with customers to achieve our goals . Aside from highlighting our cultural differences, the fundraising experience in Queens also taught our group about the Ladder of Inference, as described by Rick Ross in his article The Ladder of Inference. While fundraising we noticed that many potential customers were extremely cautious about our groups intentions.Many people did not believe that we were raising funds for the North Shore Animal League and or else thought that we would pocket the money for ourselves. People would take one look at our group and our surroundings and would automatically assume that we were conning them without actually taking the time to see what our true intentions were. This is an example of these potential customers climbing The Ladder of Inference. After we became aware of this we started to hand out fliers for the North Shore Animal League hoping that it would make our position more believable.While this did alleviate some customers concerns there were still many people who simply did not belie ve us. This was an extremely frustrating blockage that was difficult to overcome. During a team meeting following our fundraising efforts we discussed how we could overcome this obstacle in the future. Our conclusion was that in order to establish trust with potential customers and thereby prevent them from negatively climbing The Ladder of Inference we must make ourselves appear more presentable and official.In the future we would dress in uniforms with nametags. In addition, we would bear for permits to fundraise on city grounds such as parks and playgrounds. It is our belief that by implementing these tactics we would gain the trust of potential customers and become more effective in our fundraising efforts. Unfortunately, due to time constraints, we were unable to implement these changes, however, through this process we learned a great deal and can use this experience in our future endeavors. In our group there was not one decisive leader.We all needed to be leaders as we lea rned from our leading discussion, leaders are generally the ones who are finding new ways to do things. We all needed to come up with ideas on how to fundraise, and needed to figure out how we could actually get it done. During our class lecture on leadership, we discussed characteristics that all great leaders appear to have. Characteristics that came up over and over again include determination, well liked, personable, persuasive, and someone who has a good support team.By working hard, and working together, we knew we would achieve the best results. As discussed in Level 5 Leadership, a good leader knows that the cause is bigger than them. We used this idea when fundraising we couldnt simply go through the motions just to get the grade. We needed to really care about the cause, as great leaders are generally passionate about what they are doing. This is why it was important for our group to visit the Animal League. We thought it would be good to see what they do first hand, and tour their facility.This was an enjoyable experience because we were able to see some of the animals that we are helping, and were able to use our visit as motivation to raise more money. Our group worked together extremely well. We kept in contact through e-mail, weekly meetings before class, and a group text message on our cell phones. Each member offered ideas on how go about the project. We freely critiqued each others ideas to find out what would work best for our group. We recognized each others strengths and weaknesses and assigned tasks for each group member accordingly. In total we raised $xxx.

Killings vs. in the Bedroom

After reading the taradiddle Killings by Andre Dubus and watching the movie In the Bedroom, there are several noticeable differences and a few similarities. Since the movie was derived from the short stage, the plot is practically the same throughout. Killings is visualized as a revenge level, whereas In the Bedroom it appears to be a rage story. As the plot progresses we find out this is not the case at all. One of the biggest differences I saw between the two was the arrangement of the story.Dubus written transformation starts out in the middle at roughs funeral and the movie starts the story from the beginning with Frank and his lover Mary Ann (Natalie) running in a field. The film gives you much of a sense of the credits, their emotions, and the relationships they share with star another, while the written story gives you the view from Matts perspective only. The movie showed a lot more of the background details such as the father- news bond between Matt and Frank, and the loving bond between Frank and Mary Ann.The story proceeded to show more of Matts feelings and internal thoughts on a different level then the film, which displayed very little interaction between him and his son in their emotional statetime. It seemed to Matt that from the time Mary Ann called weeping to tell him until now, a Saturday night in september, sitting in the car with Willis, parked beside Strouts car, delay for the bar to close, that he had not so much moved through his life as wandered through it, his spirit like a dazed eubstance bumping into furniture and corners. He had always been a fearful father when his children were young. t the start of each summer he though of them drowning in a kitty or the sea, and he was relieved when he came home in the evening and they were there usually that relief was his only acknowledgment of his fear, which he never round of , and which he controlled within his heart (100). Another difference that made the movie more personal was by not having Franks older pal figure that we read about in the story at the funeral. The movie showed the viewer the connection that they had as a father and a son that the story didnt portray.Another difference that made the film more enjoyable was the hatred that was shown for Strout. The story didnt give enough justice for how much the Fowler family really resented him. The endorsement in the movie when Ruth lays her eyes on him in the convenient store foreshadows the breakdown she had and the isolation she experienced. Ruth knowing that he is a reconcile man that killed her son is something she couldnt live with under any circumstances. The relationship that Mary Anns sons had with Frank in the movie was much stronger than in the book. This part labels Frank as a hero and makes Strout look like even more of a bad person.In my opinion, One of the best scenes in the movie was when one of the boys that Frank and Matt took fishing rode his bike down to the docks to see Matt and they just stared at each other with a burning look. This scene wasnt talked about in the story, however it gave you a view of the actual killing scene. In the book, Strout shot Frank in front of his two sons. Richard Strout shot Frank in front of the boys. They were sitting on the living room floor watching television, Frank sitting on the couch, and Mary Ann just returning from the kitchen with a tray of Sandwiches.Strout came in the front door and shot Frank twice in the chest and once in the face with a 9 mm automatic. wherefore he looked at the boys and Mary Ann, and went home to wait for the police (100). He shot him in rage without any hesitation. This proves to the reader how much of a terrible, flint person that he was, but the movie was not able to display such rage. The movie, however, does a great job of telling a clear story from start to finish without interruptions. It made the makeup of the story so much more powerful.This gives the reader time to establish Fra nk as the main character that he is. Throughout the story, whether it be the written version or the movie, you really began to understand the love that has not only been lost, but the love that was left stub as the story comes to an end. Overall, love was a major theme in both of these stories, no matter how you look at it. Franks life was over much earlier than expected because of love and envy. In the end, Strout was killed because of the love that will never be forgotten between a father and son, and even between a husband and wife.A strong meaning was conveyed when Matt was unsure about not being able to be alone with Strout for that long of a time. He couldnt stand the thought of being so close to this man that he had so much hatred for. Both of the killing scenes were portrayed in different ways. In my opinion, Matt killed Strout better in the movie than in the book. In the movie, Strout wasnt trying to escape when Matt shot him. In the story he tried to run away from Matt. T his gave Matt more of a justification for killing him. This showed the amount of hatred he had towards Strout, and even more of the endless love he had for his son.

Is Play Learning Essay

Learning through play is a vital part of your Childs betterment. It includes contend with different toys or activities for different areas of work upment in order to help them develop. According to Squire. G (2007), play is pleasurable and enjoyable, has no extrinsic goals, play is offhand and voluntary, involves some active management. Not that is it fun and interactive for both youngsterren and parents, but it enhances the organic evolution of all aspects needed including social, Physical, Intellectual, communication and emotional development. Why?Although it seems care your barbarian is simply playing with a toy or object, the nestling is actually developing and learning so much. That simple teddy bear that you number one bought them as a baby, buns actually develop their intellectual and emotional development by helping to create an imaginative mind and if the chela is talk of the town to the teddy bear, then its developing speech and language. 0-3 years old. Your ch ild, from aged 03 are learning so much already, eventide though you might not know it. Your child needs to develop socially, physically, intellectually, their communication and their emotions.This is actually done through play. For a child aged 0-3 you should be support development through play. Toys much(prenominal) as hanging mobiles actually increase your Childs physical development by giving them a target to reach for, stint out their arms. This increases their hand-eye co-ordination and gross motor skills. Reading your child applys every day, whether its skilful to calm them down before bed or for bonding age arsehole influence their learning. This incites their intellectually development as children pick up different words by listening and being involved.If you involve the child, there is much possibility they allow for learn more as well as enjoy it more. If youre reading a colourful, touchy-feely book to an under 1 year old, this smoke stimulate their development to different textures, colours and make them more aware. Reading topical books can also influence their knowledge of the world, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as books closely shopping or religions. Early years settings are slap-up at providing opportunities for children to develop. Nurseries play groups and mum and toddler groups develop your child, not only socially by interacting with other children and adults, but in all other aspects as well.By allowing them to play on, for moral, a slide, cars, push trolleys/cars/bikes, they can practice woful around, walking, crawling etc, as they should provide stimulating activities, developing their physical skills and their fine and gross motor skills. Early years settings for this age result develop your child intellectually by giving them an understanding as well as developing knowledge by watching different scenarios, such as having a role play home area which allows them to copy things they might have seen at home such as ironin g, play kitchens, etc.Their communication lead increase as they are constantly interacting with others and being spoken to as well as listening to others interact. Emotion development will be promoted in the way that children can develop friendships and bonds with other people and boodle to develop feelings such as empathy as they can offer group activities, play dates and just by being around other children. 3-5 years old. At the age of 3-5 years old, as a parent, you should be offering them a wide thread of activities through play.Your child has come on a lot already but the development continues with kick upstairsment from you. Your child will be walking and needing to develop their physical development and gross motor skills (larger muscles such as throwing and catching etc. ) Outside activities are good at encouraging physical development. This can just involve rolling a ball to your child and encouraging them to catch it, kick it, pick it up or chase it. Its involving for you and the child has fun whilst playing. Their hand eye co-ordination improves and their gross motor skills.As they get older, you could decrease the size of the ball, making it smaller to a tennis ball for example so it becomes harder for the child to catch so they develop their fine motor skills with a pincer grip and tests their hand eye co-ordination. Games such as piggish in the middle, football or just a simple game of throwing and catching. If this isnt possible, or even if you can, taking your child to a park or play area is fun for them and if you get involved, it can be fun too. Apparatus such as monkey bars and climbing ropes strengthen the Childs muscles and balance.They develop their physical development by allowing them to exercise and experience new activities that they might not get too at home. Its also a good way to socialize with other children and adults in a public place. This can acquire them life skills such as sharing and turn-taking. Your child will start to talk in full phase of the moon and extended sentences around this age. They would have picked up their vocabulary from listening and copying so far. Play can often encourage talking by getting them to communicate their ideas on the game such as role play, but literacy games can extend vocabulary and help with phrasing.Games such as I went to the shop and I bought This is a good memory game and helps them think about every day things that they could get from a shop. alphabet games, jigsaws and activities can encourage a child to use their knowledge and extend it. 5-8 years old At this age, your child should be attending school full time. Just because their learning and developing at school, doesnt mean you have to stop You should continue to play with your children and encourage them to develop physically, intellectually, socially and emotionally. It might be easy to just to sit them in front of the TV or computer.Statistically, Kidshealth. com (1) shows that As kids get older , too much screen time can mediate with activities such as being physically active, reading, doing homework, playing with friends, and spending time with family. Also kidpointz. com (2) suggests ADD or ADHD was 2 times as presumable to have been diagnosed in children addicted to video games. So if youre going to give your child computer time, you should use learning game websites such as the BBC or ask the school teacher for resources. This will help build intellectual development and also ITC skills of how to use a computer.Before allowing the children, read and teach the children E-Safety and how to stay safe on the internet. You should also monitor what your children are doing on the computer. You should be encouraging your child to develop socially. Although they are communicating with children at their school, you should encourage them to have a social life outside of school too. Arranging play dates or allowing them to join after school clubs or other activities such as a dancing school, gymnastics, karate or swimming. Making these physical activities will increase development even further, and they might even find a hidden talentAt 5-8 years old, children will want to be reading books, even if they cant and to be read too. When reading a book to a child, the outstrip ones to choose are ones with extended vocabulary. Choose books with a range of new words, good and interesting illustrations and obviously, a good story line. Children will enjoy talking about the book also, so ask them lots of questions and get them to think about the book. Questions such as why is that character doing what theyre doing? Or what do you think is going to happen next? this allows children to develop their thoughts and imagination.This also allows you to assess the childs understanding of the book, for example if they dont understand it, you can do more on the story and allow them to learn about it and why. This is good bonding time for you and the child too, so its e njoyable for both of you. Another fun activity for 5-8 year old children, that parents, siblings, friends and other family could be involved in, is making dens. Making dens extend a childs imagination and creativity, by allowing them to think about different objects to use and ways of creating it. Offer them a range of materials to use so they can experiment.This can teach them patience and trial and error. In fact, although you might not realise it, dens can increase a childs knowledge on a range of subjects. The maths aspect of teaching them measurements and how much they material they need, how big its going to be. Their creative development is obviously supported and to extend even further, it could help with knowledge of the world. For example, ask your child to make a tee-pee. And extend their cultural knowledge by explaining and teaching about the cultures that live in huts worry what theyve just made.Or extend it even further by doing it outside in a woodlands area. This ma kes them think about the natural resources available and how best to do it, using harder, heavier logs for support. Make this a fun day out and take a picnic to share under your den/shelter. Role of the Adult As a parent or guardian for children, you should be involved in playing with your children to encourage development. If adults are involved and engaged in play, it influences the child to be involved too and shows them the value of play.You can have the power to make a difference to your child by teaching them how to play correctly and powerful by offering praise and discipline. Supporting your child with praise such as youre playing with that so well This can help a child build their self-esteem and feel good about them self whilst playing and having fun. You can just be someone to play with to a child. playacting as a friend and just company whilst they play, accourding to Lindon J. 2001 (3) Children often invite adults to join in or may direct them to take a item action or support play. This is positive reinforcement because you can observe their play whilst theyre having fun and learning.You being there actually encourages social development and their communication. They can pick up words they ask you and are forced into situations where they might have to speak to you such as wanting you to do something. Adults can often model how to play correctly and sensibly. Children will copy adults and try to do things themselves, such as drawing the same thing as you, making the same thing with playdough or role play games like cooking, which they will have seen you do.You can give them instructions to help them with an activity, such as a arts and craft activity that perhaps youve found in a book. The childen cant yet read the instructions so you read it for them, sexual intercourse them the best thing to do and rephrasing so they can understand. Even doing it with them to make a model for them, allowing them to copy what and how you do the activity. Th is encourages fine motor skills because its an arts and crafts activity, often including scissors and cutting or colouring with a pincer grip.It encourages creative development and imagination. Interlectually, youre helping them develop their instructions and about the order and general knowledge. However, you could just be there to underwrite your Childs refuge. Watching over them on a park or play area. The play equipment will encourage their physical aspects of their learning and development as well as intellectually, often having to problem solve such as finding out the best way to get across to a different area, or how best to play with this object.If you take your child to a public area, social skills are improve as they are around children and come into contact with other. Morally, children learn the values of turn-taking and sharing whilst playing in a public area. You also teach them safety regarding how to play correctly as well as giving them independence. This is a go od idea for a play date idea or a group activity as you get some socialising done with other parents whilst your children are safely learning and constantly developing through fun. Your child will often come into conflict. This is where you, as a parent, can act as a mediator.You can teach those morals such as sharing, turn-taking and ensure that these are put in place through play whilst ensuring your child is developing socially as well as other aspects that the activity may focus on. You can be involved with your childrens play just as much as they are in different ways each hands on approach or just a sit back and relax activity. Your children will learn through play with your help as you are the people they look up to and are influenced by the most. And finally, enjoy your children and their company. They wont be young forever.

Business Valuations

Q1. Which of the sideline is the correct formula for Market Capitalization?(MCQ)Previous share price shape of guinea pigd sharesCurrent share price Number of issued sharesPrevious share price Number of issued preference sharesCurrent share price Number of issued convertible shares(2 marks)Q2. Statements given below relate to asset-based valuation for faithfulness. Select appropriate types of asset-based valuation.(HA)Historic Cost Values are easily available BOOK VALUE NET REALISABLE VALUE REPLACEMENT BASISMaximum Cost to be paying for assets by a buyer BOOK VALUE NET REALISABLE VALUE REPLACEMENT BASISAsset Stripping BOOK VALUE NET REALISABLE VALUE REPLACEMENT BASIS(2 marks)Q3. precondition below is summary of Vento Co.s balance sheetAssets $m Financed by $mNon-current assets 8 $1 Ordinary shares 1Net-current assets 4 Reserves 6- Loan notes 5Total 12 12Non-current assets include bulldozer which cost $7m when it was purchased five years ago when it had a useful life of ten years. The companys depreciation policy is on a straight-line basis. These assets were revalued $2m by a professional.What is the value per share using NRV basis? (MCQ) $5$5.25$5.5$5.75(2 marks)Q4. Following statements relate to asset-based valuation. (HA) It ignores intangible assets DRAWBACK USEFULNESSIt ignores cash flows from the assets DRAWBACK USEFULNESSTo set a minimum price in an shell of a takeover DRAWBACK USEFULNESS(2 marks)Q5. A Target companys dividend per share is $0.3/share its competitor has a dividend yield of 8%. Calculate the target companys share price? (FIB)4114804699000$ (2 marks)Q6. process Co has an earnings yield of 17%. Calculate the value of the Dosed Co. based on the present value of the expected earnings? Using the pursuit information given below (MCQ)Year 1 2 3 4Earnings ($m) 3.4 3.9 4.1 4.5$26.47m$45.9m$62.5m$68.625m(2 marks)Q7. Cato Co. has been open for bidding and it currently has earnings of $3.5m and has 1 million shares in issue & Cato Co. has a current share price of $11 in the market. Calculate the earnings yield of Xerox Co, a business in the same industry orbit? (MCQ)3.5%11%31.8%35.3%(2 marks)Q8. VV Co. has price/earnings ratio of 15 and its industry competitor Kato Co. has an earnings yield of 20%. If assumed, a share price of $1. When comparing VV Co. to Kato Co, which of the following is correct? (HA)Earnings Yield HIGHER LOWERPrice/Earnings Ratio HIGHER LOWER(2 marks)Q9. Ivo Co has made an offer to buy two of its every three shares of Rico Co. repayable to this merger, there is a chance that earning afterwards deduction of tax will increase by $10m per year. Assuming that Ivo Co share price increases by $0.5 after its merger and Ivo issues new shares as consideration. What will be the price/earnings ratio of the group using the following information to nearest two decimal fraction places? (FIB)Ivo Co. Rico Co.Profit after Tax $150 $40Market Share Prices $2.5 $1.2Number of shares 200m 60m901702476500(2 marks )Q10. Which TWO of the following are the problems relating to Price/ Earnings ratio? (MRQ)Quoted companies with similar business activities are embarrassing to findNot applicable for those who do not prefer paying dividends Represents historical costListed companys capital structure might differ from unlisted companys(2 marks)Q11. Yugo Co is acquiring Lotto Co. Yugo Co cost of acquisition at the time of acquiring Lotto Co.s 20,000 shares will be $400,000. The cash flows are as follows Year 20X3 20X4 20X5 20X6Cash flow ($) 170,000 235,000 200,000 85,000The weighted clean cost of capital for the company is 10%. Calculate the share price of Lotto Co using discounted cash flow? (MCQ)$7.5$7.84$8.20$8.61(2 marks)Q12. Hath Co. has a future day dividend view In the current year and the first year, there will be no dividend paid. In year two a dividend of $0.36/share will be paid. In year three a dividend of $0.75/share will be paid and it will grow at 2% every year. If the cost of equit y is 8% what will be Hath Co. current share price to the nearest $? (FIB)3613152286000$ (2 marks)Q13. Bitola Co is financed using equity only. The company has just paid the dividend of $80m and the earnings bear and invested were 55%. The investment returns 27% and cost of equity is 18%. What is the market value of the company? (MCQ)$2,917m$3,023m$3,487m$3,716m(2 marks)Q14. Dividend crop model takes many assumptions into account. Select the assumptions from the given statements? (MRQ)The estimates of future dividends and the cost of capital are accurateAll investors are homogenous Influential factors of the market are incorporated in the share price The dividend grow constantly or not grow at in all (2 marks)Q15. Which of the following statements is a disadvantage for dividend growth model? (MCQ)The growth rate in the market is equal to the growth used in dividend growth model The cost of equity used is an estimate of a capital asset pricing modelThe method is applicable to all c ompanies even if they dont provide dividendsThe dividends paid by the company are perpetual (2 marks)Q16. A firm has an issue 15% preference shares with a nominal value of $1 each. Currently, the required return of preference shareholders is 25%. The corporation tax is 30%. What is the value of a preference share? (FIB)3714753873500P0 (2 marks)144653070104000Q17. Jorum Co has issued irredeemable loanword notes with a coupon rate of 8%. If the required return of investors is 2%, what is the current market value of the debt? (FIB)Market Value ($) (2 marks)Q18. B4U Co. has 11% redeemable bonds in issue having a cost of debt of 16% before tax. The tax rate in the market is 27%. If the bonds are redeemed in six years time at a premium of 6% above the par value. Calculate the market value of the bond? (MCQ)$69.35$76.12$84$103.2(2 marks)Q19. Curry has in issue 12% bonds with make sense nominal value $100,000 and a total redemption value $90,000, with interest payable quarterly. The cost o f debt on the bonds is 12% annually. The bonds are redeemable on thirty-first March 20X2 and it is now 31st December 20X0. Calculate the market value? (FIB)14770102159000Market Value ($) (2 marks)Q20. A 6% redeemable loan note in potency Co is due to mature in four years time at a premium of 10%. It can be converted into 15 frequent shares at the same time. Voltage Co pays a tax rate of 25%. Its current share price is $4.65 and growth is expected at 8%. If the shareholders require 10% return what is the market value? (MCQ)$51$75.13$94.15$110(2 marks)

Satellite Radio: A Closer Look

The twenty first century marked a new turning point for the piano tunercommunication manufacture. In 2001, major planet receiving set was introduced to the public by Sirius and XM companies. The two companies remain to be the go oning players in the satellite wireless industry. Sirius and XM companies obtained their lead when they were awarded in an auction with the license to utilize the frequencies developed by Digital Audio tuner Service (DARS). The said communicate service was commissioned in 1992 to establish radio set frequency segments for satellite broadcast in the radio (Kevin). Among the two broadcast satellites initially launched by XM radio are Rock and Roll.The establish was made in San Diego and Dallas last September 2001. After the successful turnout of the launching, XM radio decided to introduced satellite radio to the entire nation in November 2001 (Satellite tuner USA). Through the satellite radio, listening to ones radio while traveling has become to a greater extent convenient. Radio frequency is a common worry among radio listeners who are traveling. Oftentimes, they ingest to change stations beca determination the frequency of the radio stations which they initially listen to has limited frequency. The average frequency of traditional radio is 0 to 40 miles from the source. The radio satellite on the other hand keister reach to as far as 22, 000 miles from the source. Thus, a traveler need not frequently change the radio station that he is listening to. How Satellite Radios Work Unlike the analog radio which broadcasts radio frequency to topical anaesthetic stationary transmitters and thereafter to the listeners, satellite radio utilizes mobile satellites in order to transmit programs to the listeners. The use of mobile satellites allows the radio system to cater to a bigr reference since satellites get down the capacity to transmit signal from all over the globe.Satellite radios allows the radio frequency transmitted to bounce off and reach the listeners (Walker). Interested listeners foundation avail of the service after they surrender purchased the necessary programming service. A device is tumblen to the client to enjoy the service. The said device is programmed into a database in order to allow it to receive radio transmissions from specific radio satellites. Entry into the database allows the sending of signal to the devise in order to decrypt the satellite frequencies and give the listener radio reception (Walker).In contrast to traditional radio which can be accessed for free, satellite radio needs subscription before one can be enjoy the use thereof. Satellite radio companies do not earn money from advertisements but through subscription. Just like cable television, programs on satellite radios are not bombarded with lengthy advertisements. One can enjoy the comfort of listening to his favorite medical specialty or programs without any interruption. Benefits from Satellite Radio Sin ce satellites radios allow a more liberal way of listening to radio programs by extending the limit of the coverage, there are more hits that can be generated from it.Among the clears is the wide force of radio programs that could be accessed. Listeners can choose to listen to legion(predicate) different programs. They have the liberality to choose which is more adept to their taste and beguile for the day. There are more than 60 music channels and 50 other channels dedicated for news, sports, weather, traffic and talk (Satellite Radio USA). Satellite radio is recommended for people who have penchant for listening to the radio for long hours and for those who are in search for specific programs such as ESPN, FOX or BBC among others.The subscription remunerative for such services is cheaper compared to cable television. Thus, satellite radio does not exclusively provide specialized program listening but it similarly gives the pocket a breather. If one is only after news in ca ble television or sports, then he could just opt for this service. The same amount of discipline could be generated at a cheaper price. Jobs Created Aside from the wider coverage that satellite radio provides to listeners, it also gives an thoroughfare for more jobs in the broadcast industry.Since there is a developing market for the satellite radios, there is a need to employ people who will maintain the system and update the devices that the listeners utilize. People from the engineering department as well as those who are knowledgeable with expert matters, can find good jobs in this field. In addition, people who man the broadcast are also given job opportunities. Among the jobs opportunities are writer for news, sports, talk programs and many others. Proof readers, editors, news readers, news anchors and assistants for such individuals can have fulfilling jobs in this industry.They have an avenue to exercise their skills and interests in their field of interests. With the ri sing number of subscribers, there is a possibility that employment in the satellite radio industry will extend to prosper. More programs and maintenance of the existing programs will need more people to man it. If the satellite radio reaches worldwide then there will be more job opportunities for the said field. However, if there are jobs that are created in this industry there are also jobs which are lost or on the verge of being lost.Jobs Lost Among the jobs that are being threatened by the satellite radio industry are those which are related to the terrestrial radio industry especially those who are employed in small radio companies which only have limited coverage. Each city has its own radio risque society which caters news and other events to the topical anaestheticity. Due to the satellite radio innovation, these companies are being threatened with the possibility of closing. They can hardly compete with the satellite radio which provides an array of program line up.Throu gh the said innovation, people are no longer left with merely an AM or FM radio. They have the potency to explore other genres and listen to the type of program which will suit their taste. The growing interest of the people for such programs make cause the local radio companies, especially those which are only operating on a small scale, to collapse and be erased in the radio industry. Disk Jockeys or DJs, radio commentators and technical support of such companies may kiss their jobs good bye if the advertisers would see that there are only a few people patronizing these programs.local anesthetic radio industries operate based on the number of people who listen to their programs. They adjust to the tastes of the listening public in order to convince companies to advertise their merchandise in their programs. Advertisers will only waste their resources if there are no monumental number of people who are listening to their programs. Aside from employees of the local radio companie s, people who specializes on advertisement for radio may also put up their jobs. They will have to shift their interest for television advertisement or home run advertisements.Effect on local terrestrial broadcasters As indicated earlier, satellite radio threatens the existence of local radio companies. The existence of which may not be significant for avid listeners of satellite radios however, for those who are interested in listening to local news, traffic and talk programs, the lose of local radios has a immense weight. The advantage of local radios is their regionalization or focus only to a specific locality. News, traffic updates and issues pertaining to the locality are widely aired by such radio companies.Their limited jurisdiction allows them to have better focus with the issues as well as with the programs that they create. Most likely, they will adjust their programs based on the interest of the most people in the locality. They will try to please their market as muc h as possible and give them the satisfaction that they long for a radio station. They also have an advantage in terms of advertisement since they reach their the people locally and regionally. Local companies can advertise their products with such radio stations, unlike in satellite radios which caters to a wide area.Another advantage thereof is the fact that it is free. There are no special devices or subscription fees that needs to be paid. One only needs his radio in order to have access to the programs (Colliano1). Despite these advantages, terrestrial radios are still on the verge of losing their space in the radio industry. Such phenomenon cannot solely be attributed to the introduction of satellite radios but also because their have lost their edge which is to provide the latest song in the music industry. Through the introduction of MP3s, internet downloads and other music gadgets, the edge of radio continued to fade.The latest songs can be availed of easily through other e ssence than by listening to the radio. This reduces the anticipation from the clients to listen to the latest songs. In addition, radio industries have also abused their good will by infusing too many commercials between their programs (Colliano2). Although advertisements are meant to inform while providing entertainment, too much of it in between programs may irritate the listeners. It suspends their eagerness to listen to the program and thereafter leads to the lose of interest to listen further.Effect on other industries Through the development of satellite radios, other industries are also affected, some positively and others negatively. Among those industries which can benefit from the introduction of satellite radios are cable programs and channels. Aside from television they can have a new avenue to simulcast their programs. Technical and manufacturing industries can also benefit from the manufacture thereof especially if the number subscribers have increased to greater numbe rs. More subscribers would mean more devices which will ensure the working of the system.The industry which are feared to suffer, aside from local radios is the radio advertising sector. They will have no avenue to market their products if the local radio are abolished by the society. Another industry is the music industry. The local radio provides a good avenue for musicians to advertise their music. The wider the avenue for the launching of their music, the greater is their chance of topping the charts. Rising singers or musicians have lesser chance of introducing their music to a larger audience.Profitability of the Satellite Radios It has been predicted that the two companies which have licenses to operate satellite radios will start to generate great lettuce by the year 2009. Although it is enjoying profits now, it is still small considering the high cost of maintenance and operations of the system (Seeking Alpha). Financial writer Robert Walberg (2006), indicated in an expre ssion that Sirius, one of the two licensed companies to operate satellite radio is in serious trouble with its finances.The troupe fails to gain significant profit during the span of historic period that it has been operating. Walberg fears that if the trend continues, then Sirius may face serious financial burdens in the future. The company, however, aims of increasing its profits and presumed that more money will be credited to the company as radio satellites continue to be known globally. Among the factors which contribute to low profit are the high costs for product marketability, limited number of subscribers and the high cost that it pays to those who maintain their radio programs.Compared to the traditional radio which does not pay much for its maintenance, satellite radio operators have more to lose and to earn in order to survive. If the trend continues then, the two companies, Sirius and XM may also face downfall. Sirius intends to increase it market and gain more subscri bers in order to generate higher profits and more investors in the future. Nevertheless, financial analysts still maintain a positive view regarding the viability of satellite radios in the market.The introduction of satellite radios in the market both have its positive and negative effects, however, more than just providing strong competition in the radio industry, satellite radios shows the ingenuity of man and its unending quest for improvement. The use thereof and the elimination of local radios is left to the public to be decided on. Only the people can determined which type of radio broadcasting should rein the airwaves. The pros and cons should be adequately waived in order to determine the best system which will serve the public at large and at a more beneficial state.

Have Police Managers become too bureaucratic? Essay

In the past, the legal philosophy force has always been regard as guardians of law and order in the society. Today, however, the legal philosophy, in particular, the police conductors, are not only simply mingled in enforcing the law and ensuring the stability of society, but also in assuming various political and administrative roles. In words, the police managers have much or less become involved in matters that are beyond their moving in description, which is to simply manage a police force.Nowadays, police leaders have become more involved in numerous paper works and even in dealings with politicians and people who have wide influence and power. While there is nothing wrong with the police managers associating themselves with politicians and other people of the same type in order to mayhap earn supernumerary income, there are various risks that can greatly affect their image and career, such(prenominal) as corruption.Although the police manager may do his or her job of prot ecting his or her so-called client, he or she is also exposed to several temptations. One example of which is accepting bribes that can further result in the police manager protecting his or her client who is involved in illegal activities. Furthermore, the police manager may end up being involved in criminal activities himself or herself or being or being an accessory to crime. These criminal activities may include illegal drug trafficking and child and women trafficking, among many an(prenominal) others. In other words, due to massive corruption, the police office suddenly forgets his or her true role in society which is to uphold the law and arrest peace and order.While police corruption is one of the greatest sins against society in general, there are times when people cannot blame the police manager for becoming corrupt. One of the reasons behind this is the relatively average income that a police manager receives. Basically, since the police manager needs to earn more for hi mself or herself and possibly for his or her family, he or she uses resorts to various alternatives to augment his or her income. And, relatively, the easiest way for him or her to do so is to become involved in illegal activities such as accepting bribes and favors from shady people in exchange for money.However, aside from money, another factor that results in the corruption of a police manager is power. When a police manager associates himself or herself to people in power, such as business tycoons and politicians, in a way, he or she is sharing their power and influence. For example, a police manager can use the influence of his or her client who is in power to dodge criminal charges.Moreover, he or she can also use the influence of his or her client to threaten other people. In addition, after some time, the police manager may end up in power himself or herself as a reward for protecting his or her client. In short, too much bureaucracy on the part of the police manager, more o ften than not, always leads to corruption. This is mainly due to the fact that the police manager has a relatively low salary and is always looking for ways to unify his or her salary.

Pittsburgh Youth Study Essay

According to the Pittsburgh Youth Study conducted by Katharine Browning, Ph.D., and Rolf Loeber, Ph.D., it was found that there argon multiple factors that are connected with youth delinquency. The objective of the accept was to order the factors in delinquency involvement and other related behaviors (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Those involved in the study consisted of three groups of boys, and they were observed within the duration of almost ten long time (Browning & Loeber, 1999). The study group included a random selection of first, fourth and seventh graders. To begin with, Browning and Loeber (1999) found that African-American boys were more prone to teen delinquency than their Caucasian counterparts. It was also discovered that as widespread delinquency increased, so did the frequency. Again, the percentage for African-American boys were higher than Caucasian ones. Moreover, the study showed that delinquent behaviors followed a certain pattern what began as a less serious beha vior eventually progressed to a more serious one (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Browning and Loeber (1999) listed three pathways which categorise the offenses, all of which displayed the shift from a less serious offense like lying to a more serious act like property harm or fighting. More importantly, the study determined two factors that causes juvenile offense. The first one was innate forces, internal factors such as intelligent quotient (IQ) and personality (Browning & Loeber, 1999). The reciprocal ohm factor was external forces, which consists of family members and friends (Browning & Loeber, 1999). The external forces were contained within different environments, such as the school and home (Browning & Loeber, 1999). The study also came across some individual lay on the line factors (Browning & Loeber, 1999). First, it was found that careless behaviors were related to delinquency (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Other factors that contributed to delinquency include intelligence quo tient and socioeconomic status (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Second, delinquents were found to have low threshold for interdict feelings, and were more prone to an impulsive manner (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Aside from these, there were other risk factors like depression and guilt (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Browning and Loeber also determined how family factors are also related to delinquency. Poor supervision is a major element in delinquency specific examples include the repercussions of physical punishments and inadequate communication amidst parents and sons (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Other family risk factors include low socioeconomic status, bad neighborhood and exposure to social services (Browning & Loeber, 1999). Moreover, it was found that broken families also caused delinquency (Browning & Loeber, 1999). The findings of the study provided the authorities with warning signs to look out for in potential delinquents. In my opinion, the government should take these findings an d work out a plan to avoid hike delinquency. According to the findings, the most prone to delinquency are those with low socioeconomic status, those with family problems, and African-American boys. The government should then focus their efforts to these specific categories. For instance, they can hold spend camps for African-American youth, where they can instill positive values so that they would not go astray. They should provide seminars for parents, so that they can be more effective in their parenting and communicating with their children. Since delinquency can be traced to ones socioeconomic status, the government should create venues for the improvement of ones social standing. These findings are extremely helpful in stopping youth delinquency, and the government should take advantage of these to effect change.ReferencesBrowning, K., & Loeber, R. (1999). Highlights of findings from the Pittsburgh youth study. OJJDP Fact Sheet, 95.

Decision Making Essay

Managers transport arrangings by the ratiocinations they make on a daily basis. The quality of these determinations, to a smaller or great degree, impacts the success or failure of an organization. Managers encounter challenges and opportunities e genuinely day. Some situations require actions that ar very unbiased opposites, not so simple. Some decisions need to be made right away, while others take a long period of season to be made. Decision qualification can be challenging, and its crucial we understand why.In this paper, we willing cover the main characteristics of conduce offrial decisions, the coifs of decision reservation, and the tools a director has to give efficient decision making in a challenging and ambiguous contrive environment. Characteristics of Managerial Decisions construction For most r turn outine decisions, at that place is a determined procedure, or structure, that protagonists managers solve a problem. If its a routine problem, wheref ore they bear standard responses. In these situations, managers only have to implement precedently stated solutions, from past experiences in the organization. Unfortunately, not all decisions be programmed.New problems arise all the time in an organization, and thats when managers have to get creative to solve them. Past experience helps, so does intuition, but the decision maker, in this case, has to create, or rely on a method for making the decision. In this case, theres no standard response. Un sure thing and Risk As Schermerhorn, Hunt, & Osborn (1994) point out, problem solving decisions in organizations atomic number 18 typically made under three polar conditions or environments certainty, risk, and uncertainty. When information is sufficient, and answers of decisions are predictable, you are functional in an environment of certainty.However, for most alpha decisions, uncertainty is to be expected. Uncertainty exists when a manager doesnt have enough information to a ssign probabilities to the consequences of different possible decisions. A manager skill have a good guess, or opinion, but doesnt last for sure if something will or wont happen. Whenever theres uncertainty, and something to lose, then theres risk. Risk isnt a drear thing its exactly the fact that comes with any managerial decision. Choosing one alternative over other can imply losing time, or money, so every decision entails risk. Managers have to be aware that with their decisions they manage risk.With good planning and problem resolution, risk can be minimized and controlled. Contending Interests J. Davids (2012) talks about decisions that alter people with contending interests. An event of this is a CFO who argues in favor of increasing long-term debt to finance a purchase. On the other hand, the CEO wants to minimize long-term debt and find the funds somewhere else. In other example, a marketing department wants more product lines to sell, the engineers want higher qual ity of products, and the production manager wants less variety of products to lower costs.In these situations, its up to the decision maker to fashion a workable decision that reflects an appreciation of all these antagonizing point of views. If a key players perspective isnt taken into consideration, and the manager pushes forward in the decision process, the outcomes will probably not adjoin the decision makers plans. There are different approaches to managing appointment of multiple players that well touch on a post later. Stages of Decision Making Situation The first step in the decision making process is sagacious the situation. This means, recognizing a problematic situation that exists, and must be fixed.This usually implies comparing things the way they are now, to what they should be. An example of this is comparing the actual expenses to the budgeted expenses. Another example is looking at this quarters sales, and comparing them to the previous quarter. The problem th at needs to be solved is usually an opportunity that managers exitk to take advantage of. Bowen, Lewicki, sign, Hall (1997) present an interesting approach of looking at a problem. Its a technique referred to as framing or reframing. There are four essential perspectives of organization and management theory that help us define a situation.* Structural.This perspective deals with the activities, functions assignments, tasks and so forth. Its basically who does what and who reports to whom. * Human. This point of view looks at issues of how people and organizations relate, how organizations satisfy peoples needs, provide meaningful work, productivity, and relationships in the organization. * Political. This frame of mind looks at the organization as a system with shifting bases of power, and conflicts between different groups fighting for limited resources. * Symbolic. The symbolical frame references the culture of the organization, made up by ceremonies, rites, stories, and so on. When dealing with a problem challenging to resolve, the manager can look at it, and use these different vantage points. This will help see the problem from a new perspective, and define the situation with a different understanding, and meaning of the problem. Options Bateman and Snell (2011) refer to this stage in the decision making process, as generating and evaluating alternative solutions. What they mean by this is, once the problem is defined, the manager, or decision maker, has to develop different courses of action aimed at solving the problem. Solutions might be found by using similar tactics used in previous problems.Custom made solutions are the other option. These take creativity and probably more resources. This step is key in the decision making process. legion(predicate) an(prenominal) times managers dont take the time to brainstorm and come up with alternatives. In a hypothetical situation where the decision maker is trying to improve the organizations bottom line, there are many options. You can add prices to improve margin, advertise your products quality to increase sales, drop prices to increase sales, open new service lines that will give you higher participation in the market, just to piss a fewer.The point is its important for the manager to take his time and consider all the options. one time managers have different options, they have to evaluate them, and come up with the best one. The best way of evaluating the options is standard the consequences of the different alternatives. Measures such as lower costs, higher market share, bigger bottom line, employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, just to name a few. Ethical aspects of decision making should also be considered in this step. Richard Ritti and Steve Levy (2010) liquify what we previously mentioned about certainty, risk, and uncertainty, with alternative decisions.We can have an alternative solution that implies increasing production of a service line by 15%, but base d on the uncertainty of the environment, we have a decrease in the demand by 20%. This, in retrospect would be a no-good choice. What I mean by this is, not all results can be predicted with perfect precision. In an uncertain environment, what decision makers have to consider, is creating contingency plans. These are plans that will be implemented if the future develops differently than what expected. fill Once youve generated different options, and evaluated them, its time to choose which one is best.The manager must have an emphatic attitude, and not over think the decision. Once the decision maker has all the information hes going to have, he just has to take the leap and make the decision. Bateman and Snell (2011) bring in a few interesting concepts to this decision making step. These steps are maximizing, satisficing, and optimizing. * Maximizing Maximize means, to make the most out of something, in this case, the decision. Maximizing requires looking carefully for a complet e variety of alternatives, evaluating them, and then choosing the best. Maximizing is the erupt strategy for important decisions.Managers that are maximizers, plan systematically in solving problems, and their high expectations of quality drives them to accomplish great results. * Satisficing Satisficing is choosing the first satisfactory option, rather than looking for the optimal decision alternative. This concept was originally referred to by Herbert Simon (1947). He stated Most human decision making, whether individual or organizational, is concerned with the discovery and survival of the fittest of satisfactory alternatives only in exceptional cases is it concerned with the discovery and selection of optimal decisions. When managers make decisions, many times they are facing limitations, such as time barriers, unavailability of information, and other situations that make purpose the optimal option impossible. When the decision isnt of great importance, satisficing could be the optimal approach. * Optimizing Managers have to balance their decisions. Since there are contending interests in many of the important decisions in the organization, managers have to find an alternative that meets multiple criteria, and achieves the organizations goals.ActOnce the problem has been recognized, alternatives generated and evaluated, and the choice has been made, someone has to act. Also known as the carrying out process, managers have to plan it vigilantly. Sometimes theres a disconnect between what was planned, and what is implemented. The people refer in the process assume things are just magically going to occur. This isnt the case, so its up to the manager to ensure things are taking shape. Good communication is essential in this death penalty process, especially since this is when all the diversify happens.People arent naturally comfortable with change, so the manager has to be clear with the steps that have to take place. The manager must manage the chron ological order in which things have to happen and delegate the individuals responsible for each task. He must ensure everyone understands their role, and knows what the final outcome should look the like. The buy-in from the different players in the organization, when implementing decisions that cause change, will dictate the outcome of the implementation stage.If needs were cut when making the decision, or if the paths of communication havent been fluid in the process, it will be very hard to implement change effectively. The manager must take these things into consideration if he wants to avoid potentiality problems that arise in this step of the process. Evaluate Evaluating the decision is the last step in the decision making process. Its time for the results to determine whether the managers choice is having the effect it was intended to have. For this stage to be successful, there has to be measurable results they must be quantifiable.For an adequate evaluation of the decisi on, a validating appliance collects information and compares it to an expected value. That validating mechanism can be set and developed even in the first place the solution to the problem is determined. If the decision made proves to be effective, and the results show that the goals were met, then this decision could serve another(prenominal) purpose elsewhere in the organization. The positive feedback will be welcomed by the manager, and reinforce the decision making process. If the results demonstrate negative results, then itll take some good analysis to see where things have done for(p) wrong.Things might have gone wrong in any of the previous stages. Itll take brainstorming, and hunting expedition to assess what things need to happen to put things on the right track. Participation in Decision Making As Bowen et al. (1997) point out, most changes in organizations not only require technical modifications, but alterations in the work and social satisfactions of the employees. This makes the challenge of implementing change even greater. Its not only important that the new methods are efficient they must also be accepted by the employees who will be implementing these changes.In this context, managing the participation of the employees in making a decision plays an important role. There are different approaches when making decisions that entail change. They can be grouped into different variants of domineering decisions, mutual problem solving, and consultative decisions. In the authoritative decision alternative, the manager makes the decision alone. Then he puts together arguments and rational information to show the employees the advantages of change. In the mutual problem solving approach, the manager shares the problem with his employees, and the group works together to come up with a final decision.The consultative approach is a middle ground the manager shares the problem with the group, obtains ideas and suggestions, and then makes a decision t hat may or may not reflect the employees contribution. There are advantages and disadvantages in making group decisions. The biggest one is that the acceptance of participants is high, mainly because theyve had an opportunity to give their opinion. They feel like theyve had a say in the new process, so theyll naturally acquit it. Its also a huge advantage in the implementation stage, because the employees understand what management is trying to achieve.Many times the subordinates bring knowledge and experience that even the manager might not have. Its the employees who work in the details, and they might have good input in solving problems. One of the disadvantages of group decision making is the time it takes. A lot of time can be wasted meeting in groups to come up with good ideas. Another negative aspect is that groups tend to make riskier decisions because the indebtedness doesnt fall on just one person. In the same sense, group embers might not put that much effort into think ing of all the ramifications of their decisions, because they think someone else is probably thinking of that already.The main takeaway from participation in decision making is that it really depends on the situation, and the problem being solved. The challenge for the manager is to know when he should employ each of the decision making approaches according to the situation. A cleverness manager will know how to use these managing tools to make decisions that are not only efficient, but will also have the support and buy-in from the employees.Conclusion A good manager will assess each situation and find opportunities where change can be made always looking for the organizations best interest. When making important decisions, the manager will see the type of environment hes in, if theres certainty or not, and always account for the contending interests his decisions will undoubtedly face. A wise decision maker will recognize a situation that requires an intervention on his behalf. H e will generate and evaluate different options, and apply the concepts of maximizing, satisficing, and optimizing to make the best decision.Not only does the manager choose he acts. He takes responsibility and accountability for his choices, and makes sure theres follow through in the implementation stage of the process. The decision maker will then evaluate the results, to validate that his decisions are having the results that were intended. If not, hell go back to the outline board. Organizations live and die by the decisions made by managers, and to the extent that they can define problems, and make smart choices. Good decision making is found at the heart of all successful businesses.

Economics of All You Can Eat Buffets

The notion of paying hotshot set cost for unlimited quantities of a life-threatening or service is certainly challengeing, and that appeal is exactly what all-you-can-eat (AYCE) restaurants take advantage of. Gobi Brighton, an all-you-can-eat barbeque restaurant in England, offers unlimited sh bes of Asian and Middle-eastern food for thoughts for genius fixed price of 12 pounds. Of course, no customer go out genuinely eat an infinite quantity.Taking this factor into account, and given the various be the restaurant must pay to pass the service, this fixed price that consumers pay is determined such that the restaurant will profit in the semipermanent despite the quantity customers individually eat. Andy and George, however, both middle-aged men who frequently visit this AYCE restaurant, were recently kicked by and banned from Gobi Brighton beca utilize, according to the manager of the restaurant, they were ingest the restaurant out of agate line (Dartford 2012).While i t is certainly possible that business whitethorn not be so great for Gobi Brighton these days, whether two customers can be blamed for it or not is another question. This paper will analyze the economic principles of AYCE restaurants and determine if it was possible for Andy and George to prevail been actually eating Gobi Brighton out of business with their appetite for Asian and Middle-eastern food. Buffets, or AYCE restaurants, can be very profitable because costs paid by the restaurant atomic number 18 much lower comp bed to those of an a la menu restaurant.Customers atomic number 18 given plates and head to the food counters to get whatever they like instead of ordering from a menu. Consequently, these restaurants have little need for waiters, and indeed have less demand for them compared to other restaurants. Furthermore, because food is prepared in large quantities at a time as opposed to being prepared non-stop and on-demand, there is withal a lower demand for cooks. O n the other hand, parrys require continuous upkeep to ensure food safety and presentable aesthetics.Overall though, labour costs for AYCE restaurants are much lower compared to those of other restaurants. Because knocks have rock-bottom production costs, they can afford to charge less to consumers if it means getting more business. Some restaurants use this strategy, unless most choose not to because it doesnt lead to profit-maximizing results. Instead, AYCE restaurants take advantage of the law of lessen marginal utility and how it plays a key role in any customers ability to consume at a buffet.The manager knows that each additional plate of food provides less utility, or less satisfaction, than the one before. As a result, most people will eat unless until the utility derived from an additional serving of food is slightly lower than the utility gained from the first dish. Buffets generate a profit by charging a price which is above the price of the food that the average cus tomer consumes. This strategy assumes that, before the customer consumes a quantity of food where the total cost to the firm is greater than the price of the buffet, their marginal utility will be zero.This expectation was not met in the case of Andy and George. People who go to buffets usually fall into one of two categories of AYCE customers. One group eats regular portions and does one, maybe two trips to the buffet station. These customers are unlikely to eat a value equal to or above the fixed price they paid for the buffet, and thusly contribute the most to the accounting profits of AYCE restaurants. The second group of buffet customers consist of over-eaters. They enter a buffet with the intention of getting their values worth, if not more, of food.These customers are usually familiar buffets and their own capacity for food, and are confident heading into the restaurant because they are certain that they are getting a good deal. These kinds of buffet customers are more like ly to consume a quantity of food that is of greater value that of the buffet price. It is here that we find Andy and George, the two over-eaters that were eating Gobi Brighton out of business. After Andy and George paid their 12 pounds, they sat start and each downed five bowls of stir fry before getting kicked out.If the manager was being fair when he said these two customers were putting him out of business, that would mean that those five bowls of stir fry caused the restaurant to go from making accounting profits, where receipts exceeds production cost, to making no profits whatsoever, where r level(p)ue equals production cost. Is it possible for ten bowls of stir fry to put this restaurant out of business? One bowl of stir fry these days never costs more than 5 pounds to the maker (Taste 2011).Since Andy and George collectively consumed ten bowls of stir fry, we can assume that up until they were kicked out of the restaurant, the business of the two men cost the restaurant fifty pounds. Beforehand, they each paid 12 pounds for the buffet service, so the restaurant received 24 pounds as revenue. Consequently, without taking other production costs into account, Gobi Brighton was making a forbid accounting profit of 26 pounds. This means that before Andy and George even entered the restaurant, Gobi Brighton was at least 26 pounds outside(a) from being unable to sustain its own service.If Gobi Brighton was a absolutely combative firm in a perfectly competitive industry, then the restaurant has little say in the price because they take whatever price is established by the food market equilibrium, and this would explain the poor business (see Figure 1). Raising the price, even by a little, would result in the customers going elsewhere and they would lose all their sales, as shown in point A. Lowering the price to point B, would also be ineffective because they can only trade as much as they can produce, which is a fixed quantity.They would lose even mo re capital, specially for a buffet service where, theoretically, an infinite quantity of food is being offered. Thus, in a perfectly competitive industry, Gobi Brighton would be forced to continue selling their buffet service at a market price of 12 pounds. Perfect competition could explain how Gobi Brighton was going out of business because of these two men, and thus had to resort to kicking the men out of the restaurant. The fact is, however, that Gobi Brighton is far from being a perfectly competitive firm in a perfectly competitive industry.Buffet prices are not fixed, not all buffets are the same, and buyers and sellers do not have complete information about service. In fact, according to Yelp, Asian and Middle-eastern restaurants are not that common in England, so the restaurant could have raised its price for a short-circuit while, or tried reducing costs by laying off a worker or two since business was clearly not doing so well to begin with (Yelp 2012). Gobi Brighton is a n all-you-can-eat restaurant located in Brighton, England that recently kicked out two customers for eating too much and claimed they were putting the restaurant out of business.Not only does common buffet pricing strategies suggest it is very unlikely that two over-eating customers alone could do this, but Gobi Brighton could have improved business a number of ways since it isnt a perfectly competitive firm. by chance instead of marketing itself as an all-you-can-eat restaurant, Gobi Brighton may want to consider switching to an a la carte service, especially if they feel like their business is threatened by the very demographic that buffet restaurants appeal to most.