Decision Support System

ASSIGNMENT OF INFORMATION governance AND formation NAME QUDSIA AZEEM CLASS BBA 3B DATE 27-3-2013 JINNAH UNIVERSITY FOR WOMEN SUMMARY OF THE ARTICLE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND WEB TECHNOLOGIES A military position REPORT DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS, WORLD-WIDE WEB, DATA DRIVEN DSS, MODEL-DRIVEN DSS, IMPLEMENTATION. Introduction to DSS A finish carry outline (DSS) is a computer-based instruction system that fend fors business or organizational stopping point-making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization and suffice to make findings, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance. ending actualise systems can be either fully computerized, human or a combination of both. DSSs include knowledge-based systems. A properly designed DSS is an active software-based system intended to help decision makers compile rehearseful development from a combination of raw data, documents, and personal knowledge, or busi ness models to identify and solve problems and make decisions. World-Wide sack up technologies mystify rapidly transformed the entire design, maturement and implementation process for each(prenominal) types of Decision affirm clays.In particular, mesh technologies ache raised a forward-looking media for sharing teaching about decision support and a new representation of delivering decision support capabilities. For DSS developers, the big leap forward is to utilize the Web as computer. Modern decision support systems (DSS) provide managers a wide range of capabilities. Computerized systems support decision tasks like information gathering, model building, sensitivity analysis, collaboration, alternative evaluation and decision implementation. Also, decision support is increasingly integrated in business processes and DSS are used for ad hoc analyses.This opus reviews the current status of Decision abide Systems in the context of developments in Web technologies. The a rticle contains brief historical reviews, discussions on implementations of decision support system and the major part of this article is State of Practice of DSS in 2001 HISTORY randomness Systems researchers and technologists have built and investigated computerized Decision Support Systems (DSS) for approximately 40 years. This article chronicles and explores the developments related to building and deploying DSS.The move begins with building model-driven DSS in the late 1960s, theory developments in the 1970s, and implementation of financial planning systems, spreadsheet-based DSS and Group DSS in the early and mid mid-eighties. Data warehouses, Executive Information Systems, OLAP and Business Intelligence evolved in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Finally, the chronicle ends with knowledge-driven DSS and the implementation of Web-based DSS beginning in the mid-1990s. The field of computerized decision support is expanding to use new technologies and to create new application s.. Web-Based Decision Support Systems Power (1998b) defined a Web-Based Decision Support System as a computerized system that delivers decision support information or decision support tools to a manager or business analyst using a thin-client Web browser like Netscape sailing master or Internet Explorer. The computer server that is hosting the DSS application is linked to the exploiters computer by a interlock with the TCP/IP protocol. The idea of Web-enabled or Web-Based Decision Support Systems as services has been explored by diverse researchers and involves the concept of offering decision computation technologies as services on the Web.The recent popularity and widespread use of the World Wide Web and the Internet has been accompanied by the development of a variety of figuring technologies that enable the realization of the decision technologies as services vision. Bhargava and Krishnan (1998) discussed the role of a series of enabling technologies in the context of Mode l-Driven DSS, covering technologies that enable the use of the Web for communication of decision information and computation, technologies that enable the remote control and platform-independent access of DSS, and technologies that allow DSS components to be distri anded over the Web.Web Technologies and DSS Tasks Web technologies are making it possible to perform all of these tasks via a remote Web client. In thinking of such(prenominal) tasks, it is useful to recall the distinction make by Sprague (1980) about application-specific DSS that consist of software, data, and models for a specific decision problem and DSS generators that provide tools and algorithms for building a variety of specific DSS. Application-specific DSS are far easier to build, but rarely reusable DSS generators are far more than complex to build but can be adapted to build many specific systems.Figure 1 summarizes the relationships among 10 major tasks involved in building and using Data and Model-Driven DSS . For example, using an application-specific Model-Driven DSS, a exploiter would be given the relevant decision models and data, and would focus on tasks such as model execution, development of reports, or analysis. Using a corresponding DSS generator, on the other hand, would film the performance of additional tasks such as model definition and first appearance of a custom user interface. IMPLEMENTATIONS OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM STATE OF PRACTICE 2001In a number of prior papers, we have examined the extent to which current DSS harvestings have Web-enabled the above decision support related tasks, and we have examined the evolution of DSS and especially Web-Based DSS. In this section, we provide an intimate tour of our major findings. Web technologies provide both the communication of decision-related information and software and a means of providing remote access to distributed DSS components. We discuss the first function in terms of the Web as media and the back we call the Web as computer.How these capabilities or functions can be used to support decision-making is still evolving. in that respect is much scope for imagination here, but we have identified a few important in force(p) uses of these capabilities and we will now review recent developments in each of these areas. WEB AS MEDIA The Web has facilitated the creation of a number of industry-wide DSS Information Portals . For example, the OLAP Report and Data Ware housing Online Both are industry-wide decision support portals that offer information about software products, vendors, methodologies, and white papers in the context of OLAP and data warehousing technologies.DSSResources. COM is a knowledge repository for a broadly defined set of Decision Support Systems. IBMs COIN initiative (http//oss. software. ibm. com/developerworks/opensource/coin/) and e-optimization. com offer similar portals for optimization. Info Harvest and the Decision digest Society have created portals related to d ecision analysis. Individual firms have used Web technologies to communicate information about their decision support products and methods, or allow users to conduct various tasks like ordering, compensation or Internet delivery related to purchasing DSS products.In the context of using the Web for providing company and product information there is substantial activity across all categories of Decision Support Systems. WEB AS ready reckoner We generally discuss the use of the Web as computer capabilities in three categories digital product demonstrations, preview using online interactive examples, and on-line, Web-based Decision Support Systems. The first category, product demonstrations, represents a baseline for the use of the Webs capabilities for remote computation.Online demonstrations can be delivered as animated multimedia documents (e. g. , QuickTime movies, or Shockwave animation) that require or allow little user interaction. As a next step, online interactive examples a llow users to interact (e. g. , by setting parameter values, or choosing which command to execute next, or designing the format of a report) with the DSS tool in the context of a specific example. The next step in the use of the Web as computer capabilities is to offer application-specific DSS to users that have decision problems within the supported categories.Recall our earlier example of OptAmaze. com which provides paper trim optimization and transportation optimization services to paper mills. Grazing Systems Limited offers decision support services in the agricultural sector. The value of such deployment of DSS may be appreciated by considering the difficulties that user firms would have in installing, maintaining and applying complex DSS tools on their own Web-enabled DSS allow such firms to use decision support tools without encountering these difficulties.CONCLUSION The practice of building Decision Support Systems can benefit in many slipway from the handiness of Web tec hnologies. These technologies provide platform-independent, remote, and distributed computation and the exchange of complex multimedia information. The state of practice has benefited considerably from these technologies but e choose to resolve technological, economic and social and behavioral challenges to realize the benefits the Web can provide as a platform for building Decision Support Systems.DSS developers must continuously find ways around these limitations, or make use of recent and anticipated developments such as the new mutant of Internet protocols. To offer decision support as a service, providers must experiment with new payment models. Decision support capabilities are of great interest to a broad range of stakeholders and enormous resources have been and will be committed to building systems that promise to improve the quality, speed and effectiveness of specific decisions. We need to do much more than implement our technologies to build effective Decision Support Systems.